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【英文标准名称】:Acoustics-Referencezeroforthecalibrationofaudiometricequipment-Referenceequivalentthresholdforcelevelsforpuretonesandbonevibrators
【原文标准名称】:声学.音响设备校正参考零点.纯音和骨振子用参考等效阈听力级
【标准号】:BSENISO389-3-1999
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1995-03-15
【实施或试行日期】:1995-03-15
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:声学测量;声学试验;声学;空气传导助听器;仿真乳突;听度;听力计;听力测定;听觉阈;骨导体;骨传导振动器;校正;基准面;定义;定义(术语);耳机;电气工程;听力试验;助听器;收听试验;测量;测量条件;听阈测量;听度阈测量;特性;纯普听力图;参考级;参照数量;声强;规范(验收);试验设备;测试条件
【英文主题词】:Acousticmeasurement;Acoustictesting;Acoustics;Airconductionhearingaids;Artificialmastoids;Audiobility;Audiometers;Audiometry;Auditorythreshold;Boneconductors;Bonevibrator;Calibration;Datum;Definition;Definitions;Earphones;Electricalengineering;Hearingabilitytests;Hearingaids;Listeningtests;Measurement;Measurementconditions;Measurementofthresholdofaudibility;Measurementsofthresholdofaudibility;Properties;Pure-toneaudiometers;Referencelevels;Referencequantity;Soundintensity;Specification(approval);Testequipment;Testingconditions
【摘要】:ThispartofISO389specifiesthefollowingdataapplicabletothecalibrationofbonevibratorsforpuretonebone-conductionaudiometry.a)Referenceequivalentthresholdforcelevels(RETFLs),correspondingtothethresholdofhearingofyoungotologicallynormalpersonsbybone-conductionaudiometry.RETFListhevibratoryforceleveltransmittedtoamechanicalcouplerofspecifiedcharacteristics(see5.3)byavibratorwhenappliedtothemechanicalcouplerunderstatedconditionsoftestandwhenenergizedatthevoltagelevelcorrespondingtothenormalthresholdofhearingforlocationonthemastoidprominence.NOTE1InterimvaluesforthedifferencesinreferenceequivalentthresholdforcelevelsbetweenlocationontheforeheadandmastoidareincludedforinformationinAnnexC.b)Essentialcharacteristicofthebonevibratorandofitsmethodofcouplingtoapersonundertestandtothemechanicalcoupler.c)Essentialcharacteristicsanddatumlevelofthemaskingnoiseappliedtotheearnotundertest.GuidanceonthepracticalapplicationofthispartofISO389inthecalibrationofaudiometersisgiveninAnnexB.NOTE2Recommendedproceduresforcarryingoutbone-conductionaudiometryarespecifiedinISO8253-1.
【中国标准分类号】:M72
【国际标准分类号】:13_140
【页数】:20P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticesforInfraredMultivariateQuantitativeAnalysis
【原文标准名称】:红外多变量定量分析的标准规程
【标准号】:ASTME1655-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2005
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E13.11
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:材料试验;测量;分光光度法;光谱学;校正;定量分析;分光计;红外线;分析方法
【英文主题词】:infraredanalysis;molecularspectroscopy;multivariateanalysis;quantitativeanalysis
【摘要】:Thesepracticescanbeusedtoestablishthevalidityoftheresultsobtainedbyaninfrared(IR)spectrometeratthetimethecalibrationisdeveloped.Theongoingvalidationofestimatesproducedbyanalysisofunknownsamplesusingthecalibrationmodelshouldbecoveredseparately(seeforexample,PracticeD6122).Thesepracticesareintendedforallusersofinfraredspectroscopy.Near-infraredspectroscopyiswidelyusedforquantitativeanalysis.Manyofthegeneralprinciplesdescribedinthesepracticesrelatetothecommonmodernpracticesofnear-infraredspectroscopicanalysis.Whilesamplingmethodsandinstrumentationmaydiffer,thegeneralcalibrationmethodologiesareequallyapplicabletomid-infraredspectroscopy.Newtechniquesareunderstudythatmayenhancethosediscussedwithinthesepractices.Userswillfindthesepracticestobeapplicabletobasicaspectsofthetechnique,toincludesampleselectionandpreparation,instrumentoperation,anddatainterpretation.Thecalibrationproceduresdefinetherangeoverwhichmeasurementsarevalidanddemonstratewhetherornotthesensitivityandlinearityoftheanalysisoutputsareadequateforprovidingmeaningfulestimatesofthespecificphysicalorchemicalcharacteristicsofthetypesofmaterialsforwhichthecalibrationisdeveloped.1.1Thesepracticescoveraguideforthemultivariatecalibrationofinfraredspectrometersusedindeterminingthephysicalorchemicalcharacteristicsofmaterials.Thesepracticesareapplicabletoanalysesconductedinthenearinfrared(NIR)spectralregion(roughly780to2500nm)throughthemidinfrared(MIR)spectralregion(roughly4000to400cm-1).Note18212;Whilethepracticesdescribedhereindealspecificallywithmid-andnear-infraredanalysis,muchofthemathematicalandproceduraldetailcontainedhereinisalsoapplicableformultivariatequantitativeanalysisdoneusingotherformsofspectroscopy.Theuseriscautionedthattypicalandbestpracticesformultivariatequantitativeanalysisusingotherformsofspectroscopymaydifferfrompracticesdescribedhereinformid-andnear-infraredspectroscopies.1.2ProceduresforcollectingandtreatingdatafordevelopingIRcalibrationsareoutlined.Definitions,terms,andcalibrationtechniquesaredescribed.Criteriaforvalidatingtheperformanceofthecalibrationmodelaredescribed.1.3TheimplementationofthesepracticesrequirethattheIRspectrometerhasbeeninstalledincompliancewiththemanufacturer''sspecifications.Inaddition,itassumesthat,atthetimesofcalibrationandofvalidation,theanalyzerisoperatingattheconditionsspecifiedbythemanufacturer.1.4Thesepracticescovertechniquesthatareroutinelyappliedinthenearandmidinfraredspectralregionsforquantitativeanalysis.Thepracticesoutlinedcoverthegeneralcasesforcoarsesolids,finegroundsolids,andliquids.Alltechniquescoveredrequiretheuseofacomputerfordatacollectionandanalysis.1.5Thesepracticesprovideaquestionnaireagainstwhichmultivariatecalibrationscanbeexaminedtodetermineiftheyconformtotherequirementsdefinedherein.1.6Forsomemultivariatespectroscopicanalyses,interferencesandmatrixeffectsaresufficientlysmallthatitispossibletocalibrateusingmixturesthatcontainsubstantiallyfewerchemicalcomponentsthanthesamplesthatwillultimatelybeanalyzed.Whilethesesurrogatemethodsgenerallymakeuseofthemultivariatemathematicsdescribedherein,theydonotconformtoproceduresdescribedherein,specificallywithrespecttothehandlingofoutliers.Surrogatemethodsmayindicatethattheymakeuseofthemathematicsdescribedherein,buttheyshouldnotclaimtofollowtheproceduresdescribedherein.1.7Thisstandarddoesno......
【中国标准分类号】:G04
【国际标准分类号】:71_040_50
【页数】:29P.;A4
【正文语种】: